Haldi (Turmeric) Cultivation Income
Turmeric (Haldi) Cultivation: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a perennial herbaceous plant recognized for its underground stems, known as rhizomes, which serve as a spice, medicinal ingredient, and dye.
Features
Methods of Cultivation
- Seed Rhizomes: Cut rhizomes (the underground stems) into small pieces for planting.
- Vegetative Propagation: Utilize mother rhizomes or finger rhizomes
Land Requirements
- Turmeric thrives best in well-drained, fertile soil
- Preferred soil types: Loamy or sandy loam enriched with organic matter
- It needs high moisture levels but should avoid waterlogging.
Light and Temperature
- Thrives in warm, humid climates
- Optimal temperature range: 20–30°C
- Ideally grown in areas that receive partial to full sunlight.
Planting Process
- Plant in ridges and furrows
- Spacing: Maintain 30–40 cm between rows and 25–30 cm between individual plants
- Planting depth: Rhizomes should be placed 5–7 cm deep
Fertilizer
- Apply organic manure (10–12 tons per acre) prior to planting.
- Use chemical fertilizers: Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium based on soil test results.
- Mulching is beneficial for moisture retention and weed control.
Irrigation
- Requires consistent moisture, especially during germination and rhizome development.
- Irrigation frequency depends on soil type and rainfall.
Growth and Harvest
- Turmeric plants grow 1–1.5 meters tall with broad leaves.
- Harvesting begins 7–9 months after planting when leaves turn yellow and dry.
- Rhizomes are carefully dug, cleaned, boiled, and dried for packaging and sale.
Yield
- Average yield: 1200-1500 kilograms of fresh rhizomes per acre.
- After processing, 20–25% of the fresh rhizome weight is converted to dry turmeric
Profitability
- Dried turmeric sells at Rs. 300 per kg depending on quality and region.
- Turmeric farming is a profitable venture with high demand in spices, medicines, and cosmetics.
Specialty
- Contains curcumin, known for its medicinal properties
- Used in cooking, Ayurvedic medicine, and natural dyes
Support
- Best to opt for annual returns for steady income and growth.